1. 寻一篇关于“网络”的英语演讲稿（二人合作）
我帮你找到两篇：
（一）
Today, the Internet is best described as a network of computers spread across the world, making use of fibre optic cables, telephone lines and satellites to communicate with other computers in the network. The Internet makes use of vacant bandwidth in the telecommunications network to send messages from computer to computer, rather than relying on an entirely new infrastructure.
A standardised addressing system identifies specific computers, making it easy for other computers to hold information about what information other computers are storing and where they are. When we make use of the World Wide Web we are using this addressing system to go to a specific computer, either in Melbourne or possibly on the other side of the world, to read files stored on that computer. While any computer is connected to the network it is described as a "node" on the Internet, and with appropriate software we can use even a desktop computer to "serve" files to the rest of the world. It is the simplicity of this networking which has caused it to seize the imagination of users and to grow exponentially.
The Internet, and particularly the World Wide Web, has revolutionised the way we communicate. It is likely that fax machines will go the way of the telegraph and the telex, and while the Internet in ten years will probably look quite different from that which we see now, it is certain to have become even more pervasive.
The most commonly used parts of the Internet today include email, newsgroups, File Transfer Protocol, Internet Relay Chat, and of course the World Wide Web. Other areas which are rapidly growing include Internet telephony and video conferencing.
（二）
The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web.
The Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous: the Internet is a collection of interconnected computer networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, etc.; the Web is a collection of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. The World Wide Web is accessible via the Internet, as are many other services including e-mail, file sharing, and others described below.
The best way to define and distinguish between these terms is to understand the Internet protocol suite. This collection of protocols is organized into layers such that each layer provides the foundation and the services required by the layer above. In this conception, the term Internet refers to computer networks that all communicate with IP (Internet protocol) and TCP (transfer control protocol). Once this networking structure is established, then other protocols can run “on top.” These other protocols are sometimes called services or applications. Hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, is an application layer protocol that links billions of files together into the World Wide Web.
The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web.
The USSR's launch of Sputnik spurred the United States to create the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, later known as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA) in February 1958 to regain a technological lead. ARPA created the Information Processing Technology Office (IPTO) to further the research of the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) program, which had networked country-wide radar systems together for the first time. J. C. R. Licklider was selected to head the IPTO, and saw universal networking as a potential unifying human revolution.
In 1950, Licklider moved from the Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory at Harvard University to MIT where he served on a committee that established MIT Lincoln Laboratory. He worked on the SAGE project. In 1957 he became a Vice President at BBN, where he bought the first proction PDP-1 computer and concted the first public demonstration of time-sharing.
Licklider recruited Lawrence Roberts to head a project to implement a network, and Roberts based the technology on the work of Paul Baran who had written an exhaustive study for the U.S. Air Force that recommended packet switching (as opposed to Circuit switching) to make a network highly robust and survivable. After much work, the first node went live at UCLA on October 29, 1969 on what would be called the ARPANET, one of the "eve" networks of today's Internet. Following on from this, the British Post Office, Western Union International and Tymnet collaborated to create the first international packet switched network, referred to as the International Packet Switched Service (IPSS), in 1978. This network grew from Europe and the US to cover Canada, Hong Kong and Australia by 1981.
The first TCP/IP wide area network was operational by 1 January 1983, when the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF) constructed a university network backbone that would later become the NSFNet. (This date is held by some to be technically that of the birth of the Internet.) It was then followed by the opening of the network to commercial interests in 1985. Important, separate networks that offered gateways into, then later merged with, the NSFNet include Usenet, Bitnet and the various commercial and ecational X.25 Compuserve and JANET. Telenet (later called Sprintnet), was a large privately-funded national computer network with free dialup access in cities throughout the U.S. that had been in operation since the 1970s. This network eventually merged with the others in the 1990s as the TCP/IP protocol became increasingly popular. The ability of TCP/IP to work over these pre-existing communication networks, especially the international X.25 IPSS network, allowed for a great ease of growth. Use of the term "Internet" to describe a single global TCP/IP network originated around this time.
The network gained a public face in the 1990s. On August 6th, 1991 CERN, which straddles the border between France and Switzerland publicized the new World Wide Web project, two years after Tim Berners-Lee had begun creating HTML, HTTP and the first few Web pages at CERN.
An early popular Web browser was ViolaWWW based upon HyperCard. It was eventually replaced in popularity by the Mosaic Web Browser. In 1993 the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign released version 1.0 of Mosaic and by late 1994 there was growing public interest in the previously academic/technical Internet. By 1996 the word "Internet" was coming into common daily usage, frequently misused to refer to the World Wide Web.
Meanwhile, over the course of the decade, the Internet successfully accommodated the majority of previously existing public computer networks (although some networks such as FidoNet have remained separate). This growth is often attributed to the lack of central administration, which allows organic growth of the network, as well as the non-proprietary open nature of the Internet protocols, which encourages vendor interoperability and prevents any one company from exerting too much control over the network.
2. 高中生英语演讲关于电脑或者网络的（在线等）3分钟
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.
Although mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). These were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into a wristwatch, and can be powered by a watch battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". The embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to instrial robots are however the most numerous.
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore computers ranging from a mobile phone to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks, given enough time and storage capacity.
Programming languages provide various ways of specifying programs for computers to run. Unlike natural languages, programming languages are designed to permit no ambiguity and to be concise. They are purely written languages and are often difficult to read aloud. They are generally either translated into machine code by a compiler or an assembler before being run, or translated directly at run time by an interpreter. Sometimes programs are executed by a hybrid method of the two techniques. There are thousands of different programming languages—some intended to be general purpose, others useful only for highly specialized applications.
Computers have been used to coordinate information between multiple locations since the 1950s. The U.S. military's SAGE system was the first large-scale example of such a system, which led to a number of special-purpose commercial systems like Sabre.
In the 1970s, computer engineers at research institutions throughout the United States began to link their computers together using telecommunications technology. This effort was funded by ARPA (now DARPA), and the computer network that it proced was called the ARPANET. The technologies that made the Arpanet possible spread and evolved.
In time, the network spread beyond academic and military institutions and became known as the Internet. The emergence of networking involved a redefinition of the nature and boundaries of the computer. Computer operating systems and applications were modified to include the ability to define and access the resources of other computers on the network, such as peripheral devices, stored information, and the like, as extensions of the resources of an indivial computer. Initially these facilities were available primarily to people working in high-tech environments, but in the 1990s the spread of applications like e-mail and the World Wide Web, combined with the development of cheap, fast networking technologies like Ethernet and ADSL saw computer networking become almost ubiquitous. In fact, the number of computers that are networked is growing phenomenally. A very large proportion of personal computers regularly connect to the Internet to communicate and receive information. "Wireless" networking, often utilizing mobile phone networks, has meant networking is becoming increasingly ubiquitous even in mobile computing environments.
The need for computers to work well together and to be able to exchange information has spawned the need for many standards organizations, clubs and societies of both a formal and informal nature.
电脑是一台操纵根据指令集的数据。
虽然电脑机械事例，通过记录的人类历史上存在很多，首先开发了电脑在20世纪中期（1940年至45年）。这是一个大房间的大小，功耗一样，数百现代（PC）的个人电脑。关于集成电路的现代计算机的倍比早期的机器能够十亿百万美元，占据空间小部分。简单的电脑足够小，能够装到手表，并且可以通过手表电池供电。在各种形式的个人电脑是信息时代的图标，并且大多数人认为是“电脑”。在嵌入式设备中发现的许多MP3播放器到战斗机，从玩具到工业机器人的电脑但最多。
能够存储并执行指令的列表称为程序使电脑非常多才多艺，他们的区别计算器。教会-图灵论题是这种多功能性的数学声明：任何一个有某些最低限度的能力的电脑上，原则上执行相同的任务，任何其他电脑可以执行的能力。因此，从电脑手机到超级电脑都能够完成同样的计算任务，足够的时间和存储容量。
编程语言提供了指定的电脑程序运行的各种方法。与自然语言，编程语言的目的是不允许任何含糊和精简。它们是纯粹的语言文字，而且往往难以朗读。他们一般都翻译成机器代码编译器或汇编程序运行之前，或翻译，直接在运行时由一名翻译的时间。有时候程序执行的是两种方法混合方法。有许多不同的编程语言成千上万的一些拟通用，其他人只需要高度专业化的应用非常有用。
电脑被用来协调20世纪50年代以来，在多个地点的资料。美国军方的SAGE系统是第一个大规模实施这些制度，这导致了特殊用途的军刀等商业系统的数量规模的例子。
在20世纪70年代，在研究机构的电脑工程师在美国开始他们的计算机连接在一起使用电信技术。这一努力是ARPA的资助（现在DARPA）的，以及计算机网络，它被称为产生了ARPANET。该技术取得了ARPANET可能扩散和演变。
随着时间的推移，以后的学术和军事机构网络化，成为称为电脑互联网。网络的出现，涉及的性质和计算机边界的重新定义。计算机操作系统和应用程序进行了修改，包括能够定义和访问网络上的资源，如其他计算机外围设备，存储的信息，等等，为扩展名的个人电脑上的资源。开始时，这些设施主要是人们可以在高科技环境中工作，但在20世纪90年代申请的蔓延，如电子邮件和万维网，与发展经济结合起来，如以太网和ADSL网络技术的快速看到电脑联网变得几乎无处不在。事实上，该是联网的计算机数量正在飘洋过海。个人电脑的一个非常大的比例，定期连接到互联网来进行交流和接收信息。 “无线”网络，往往利用移动电话网络，意味着网络正在成为即使在移动计算环境日益普及。
对于电脑需要很好地协同工作，并能够交换信息促成了许多标准组织，俱乐部和双方正式和非正式性的社会需要。