1. 尋一篇關於「網路」的英語演講稿（二人合作）
我幫你找到兩篇：
（一）
Today, the Internet is best described as a network of computers spread across the world, making use of fibre optic cables, telephone lines and satellites to communicate with other computers in the network. The Internet makes use of vacant bandwidth in the telecommunications network to send messages from computer to computer, rather than relying on an entirely new infrastructure.
A standardised addressing system identifies specific computers, making it easy for other computers to hold information about what information other computers are storing and where they are. When we make use of the World Wide Web we are using this addressing system to go to a specific computer, either in Melbourne or possibly on the other side of the world, to read files stored on that computer. While any computer is connected to the network it is described as a "node" on the Internet, and with appropriate software we can use even a desktop computer to "serve" files to the rest of the world. It is the simplicity of this networking which has caused it to seize the imagination of users and to grow exponentially.
The Internet, and particularly the World Wide Web, has revolutionised the way we communicate. It is likely that fax machines will go the way of the telegraph and the telex, and while the Internet in ten years will probably look quite different from that which we see now, it is certain to have become even more pervasive.
The most commonly used parts of the Internet today include email, newsgroups, File Transfer Protocol, Internet Relay Chat, and of course the World Wide Web. Other areas which are rapidly growing include Internet telephony and video conferencing.
（二）
The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web.
The Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous: the Internet is a collection of interconnected computer networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, etc.; the Web is a collection of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. The World Wide Web is accessible via the Internet, as are many other services including e-mail, file sharing, and others described below.
The best way to define and distinguish between these terms is to understand the Internet protocol suite. This collection of protocols is organized into layers such that each layer provides the foundation and the services required by the layer above. In this conception, the term Internet refers to computer networks that all communicate with IP (Internet protocol) and TCP (transfer control protocol). Once this networking structure is established, then other protocols can run 「on top.」 These other protocols are sometimes called services or applications. Hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, is an application layer protocol that links billions of files together into the World Wide Web.
The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web.
The USSR's launch of Sputnik spurred the United States to create the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, later known as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA) in February 1958 to regain a technological lead. ARPA created the Information Processing Technology Office (IPTO) to further the research of the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) program, which had networked country-wide radar systems together for the first time. J. C. R. Licklider was selected to head the IPTO, and saw universal networking as a potential unifying human revolution.
In 1950, Licklider moved from the Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory at Harvard University to MIT where he served on a committee that established MIT Lincoln Laboratory. He worked on the SAGE project. In 1957 he became a Vice President at BBN, where he bought the first proction PDP-1 computer and concted the first public demonstration of time-sharing.
Licklider recruited Lawrence Roberts to head a project to implement a network, and Roberts based the technology on the work of Paul Baran who had written an exhaustive study for the U.S. Air Force that recommended packet switching (as opposed to Circuit switching) to make a network highly robust and survivable. After much work, the first node went live at UCLA on October 29, 1969 on what would be called the ARPANET, one of the "eve" networks of today's Internet. Following on from this, the British Post Office, Western Union International and Tymnet collaborated to create the first international packet switched network, referred to as the International Packet Switched Service (IPSS), in 1978. This network grew from Europe and the US to cover Canada, Hong Kong and Australia by 1981.
The first TCP/IP wide area network was operational by 1 January 1983, when the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF) constructed a university network backbone that would later become the NSFNet. (This date is held by some to be technically that of the birth of the Internet.) It was then followed by the opening of the network to commercial interests in 1985. Important, separate networks that offered gateways into, then later merged with, the NSFNet include Usenet, Bitnet and the various commercial and ecational X.25 Compuserve and JANET. Telenet (later called Sprintnet), was a large privately-funded national computer network with free dialup access in cities throughout the U.S. that had been in operation since the 1970s. This network eventually merged with the others in the 1990s as the TCP/IP protocol became increasingly popular. The ability of TCP/IP to work over these pre-existing communication networks, especially the international X.25 IPSS network, allowed for a great ease of growth. Use of the term "Internet" to describe a single global TCP/IP network originated around this time.
The network gained a public face in the 1990s. On August 6th, 1991 CERN, which straddles the border between France and Switzerland publicized the new World Wide Web project, two years after Tim Berners-Lee had begun creating HTML, HTTP and the first few Web pages at CERN.
An early popular Web browser was ViolaWWW based upon HyperCard. It was eventually replaced in popularity by the Mosaic Web Browser. In 1993 the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign released version 1.0 of Mosaic and by late 1994 there was growing public interest in the previously academic/technical Internet. By 1996 the word "Internet" was coming into common daily usage, frequently misused to refer to the World Wide Web.
Meanwhile, over the course of the decade, the Internet successfully accommodated the majority of previously existing public computer networks (although some networks such as FidoNet have remained separate). This growth is often attributed to the lack of central administration, which allows organic growth of the network, as well as the non-proprietary open nature of the Internet protocols, which encourages vendor interoperability and prevents any one company from exerting too much control over the network.
2. 高中生英語演講關於電腦或者網路的（在線等）3分鍾
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.
Although mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). These were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into a wristwatch, and can be powered by a watch battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". The embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to instrial robots are however the most numerous.
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore computers ranging from a mobile phone to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks, given enough time and storage capacity.
Programming languages provide various ways of specifying programs for computers to run. Unlike natural languages, programming languages are designed to permit no ambiguity and to be concise. They are purely written languages and are often difficult to read aloud. They are generally either translated into machine code by a compiler or an assembler before being run, or translated directly at run time by an interpreter. Sometimes programs are executed by a hybrid method of the two techniques. There are thousands of different programming languages—some intended to be general purpose, others useful only for highly specialized applications.
Computers have been used to coordinate information between multiple locations since the 1950s. The U.S. military's SAGE system was the first large-scale example of such a system, which led to a number of special-purpose commercial systems like Sabre.
In the 1970s, computer engineers at research institutions throughout the United States began to link their computers together using telecommunications technology. This effort was funded by ARPA (now DARPA), and the computer network that it proced was called the ARPANET. The technologies that made the Arpanet possible spread and evolved.
In time, the network spread beyond academic and military institutions and became known as the Internet. The emergence of networking involved a redefinition of the nature and boundaries of the computer. Computer operating systems and applications were modified to include the ability to define and access the resources of other computers on the network, such as peripheral devices, stored information, and the like, as extensions of the resources of an indivial computer. Initially these facilities were available primarily to people working in high-tech environments, but in the 1990s the spread of applications like e-mail and the World Wide Web, combined with the development of cheap, fast networking technologies like Ethernet and ADSL saw computer networking become almost ubiquitous. In fact, the number of computers that are networked is growing phenomenally. A very large proportion of personal computers regularly connect to the Internet to communicate and receive information. "Wireless" networking, often utilizing mobile phone networks, has meant networking is becoming increasingly ubiquitous even in mobile computing environments.
The need for computers to work well together and to be able to exchange information has spawned the need for many standards organizations, clubs and societies of both a formal and informal nature.
電腦是一台操縱根據指令集的數據。
雖然電腦機械事例，通過記錄的人類歷史上存在很多，首先開發了電腦在20世紀中期（1940年至45年）。這是一個大房間的大小，功耗一樣，數百現代（PC）的個人電腦。關於集成電路的現代計算機的倍比早期的機器能夠十億百萬美元，占據空間小部分。簡單的電腦足夠小，能夠裝到手錶，並且可以通過手錶電池供電。在各種形式的個人電腦是信息時代的圖標，並且大多數人認為是「電腦」。在嵌入式設備中發現的許多MP3播放器到戰斗機，從玩具到工業機器人的電腦但最多。
能夠存儲並執行指令的列表稱為程序使電腦非常多才多藝，他們的區別計算器。教會-圖靈論題是這種多功能性的數學聲明：任何一個有某些最低限度的能力的電腦上，原則上執行相同的任務，任何其他電腦可以執行的能力。因此，從電腦手機到超級電腦都能夠完成同樣的計算任務，足夠的時間和存儲容量。
編程語言提供了指定的電腦程序運行的各種方法。與自然語言，編程語言的目的是不允許任何含糊和精簡。它們是純粹的語言文字，而且往往難以朗讀。他們一般都翻譯成機器代碼編譯器或匯編程序運行之前，或翻譯，直接在運行時由一名翻譯的時間。有時候程序執行的是兩種方法混合方法。有許多不同的編程語言成千上萬的一些擬通用，其他人只需要高度專業化的應用非常有用。
電腦被用來協調20世紀50年代以來，在多個地點的資料。美國軍方的SAGE系統是第一個大規模實施這些制度，這導致了特殊用途的軍刀等商業系統的數量規模的例子。
在20世紀70年代，在研究機構的電腦工程師在美國開始他們的計算機連接在一起使用電信技術。這一努力是ARPA的資助（現在DARPA）的，以及計算機網路，它被稱為產生了ARPANET。該技術取得了ARPANET可能擴散和演變。
隨著時間的推移，以後的學術和軍事機構網路化，成為稱為電腦互聯網。網路的出現，涉及的性質和計算機邊界的重新定義。計算機操作系統和應用程序進行了修改，包括能夠定義和訪問網路上的資源，如其他計算機外圍設備，存儲的信息，等等，為擴展名的個人電腦上的資源。開始時，這些設施主要是人們可以在高科技環境中工作，但在20世紀90年代申請的蔓延，如電子郵件和萬維網，與發展經濟結合起來，如乙太網和ADSL網路技術的快速看到電腦聯網變得幾乎無處不在。事實上，該是聯網的計算機數量正在飄洋過海。個人電腦的一個非常大的比例，定期連接到互聯網來進行交流和接收信息。 「無線」網路，往往利用行動電話網路，意味著網路正在成為即使在移動計算環境日益普及。
對於電腦需要很好地協同工作，並能夠交換信息促成了許多標准組織，俱樂部和雙方正式和非正式性的社會需要。